Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru Biography – Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, a central figure in Indian history, is renowned for his pivotal role in shaping modern India. From his early education in England to becoming the first Prime Minister of independent India, Nehru’s journey is marked by dedication, vision, and profound impact on the nation.
This biography looks into his life, exploring his real name, religion, birthday, and net worth, alongside his significant contributions to India’s freedom and development.
Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru Biography
| Attribute | Details |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Jawaharlal Nehru |
| Birth Date | 14 November 1889 |
| Religion | Hindu |
| Father | Motilal Nehru |
| Mother | Swarup Rani Thussu |
| Sisters | Vijaya Lakshmi, Krishna Hutheesing |
| Education | Harrow School, Trinity College |
| Political Party | Indian National Congress |
| Prime Minister | 15 August 1947 – 27 May 1964 |
| Net Worth (1947) | 200 crores (donated 98%) |
| Notable Works | “Letters from a Father to His Daughter,” “An Autobiography,” “The Discovery of India” |
| Death | 27 May 1964 |
Early Life and Education
Birth and Family Background
Jawaharlal Nehru was born on 14 November 1889 in Allahabad, British India. His father, Motilal Nehru, was a prominent lawyer and an influential figure in the Indian National Congress. His mother, Swarup Rani Thussu, came from a well-known Kashmiri Pandit family. Nehru was the eldest of three children, with his sisters Vijaya Lakshmi and Krishna Hutheesing also making significant contributions to public life.
Education in England
Nehru’s education began in England at Harrow School, followed by Trinity College, Cambridge. He trained in law at the Inner Temple, becoming a barrister. His time in England exposed him to the ideas of democracy and nationalism, shaping his future political ideology.
Political Awakening and Early Career
Entry into National Politics
After returning to India, Nehru enrolled at the Allahabad High Court but soon shifted his focus to national politics. Joining the Indian National Congress, he became a leader of the progressive faction in the 1920s. His dynamic leadership and vision earned him the support of Mahatma Gandhi, who designated Nehru as his political heir.
Call for Complete Independence
As Congress president in 1929, Nehru demanded complete independence from British rule. His passionate advocacy for a secular nation-state gained momentum, culminating in Congress’s victory in the 1937 provincial elections. However, political tensions rose during World War II, leading to significant shifts in India’s political landscape.
Struggle for Independence
Quit India Movement
Nehru played a crucial role in the Quit India Movement of 1942, calling for an end to British rule. Despite facing imprisonment, his resolve for independence remained unshaken. Post-war, the political scenario had transformed, with the Muslim League gaining prominence, leading to the demand for Pakistan.
Interim Government and Independence
In 1946, Nehru became the interim prime minister, steering India towards independence. On 15 August 1947, India gained independence, and Nehru delivered his iconic “Tryst with Destiny” speech, marking a new era for the nation.
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Leadership as Prime Minister
Architect of Modern India
Nehru’s tenure as the first Prime Minister of independent India was marked by significant economic, social, and political reforms. He championed parliamentary democracy, secularism, and scientific advancement, laying the foundation for a modern, progressive India.
Foreign Policy and Non-Aligned Movement
Nehru’s vision extended beyond national borders, playing a key role in establishing the Non-Aligned Movement. This policy kept India neutral during the Cold War, fostering relationships with various countries and promoting peace.
Literary Contributions
Prolific Writer
Nehru’s literary works, written during his imprisonment, include “Letters from a Father to His Daughter,” “An Autobiography,” and “The Discovery of India.” These books offer profound insights into his thoughts and the Indian freedom struggle, inspiring readers globally.
Personal Life and Legacy
Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru Real Name and Religion
Nehru’s real name was Jawaharlal Nehru, and he was often referred to as Pandit Nehru, indicating his scholarly background. He practiced Hinduism, reflecting the cultural and religious heritage of his family.
Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru Net Worth and Philanthropy
In 1947, Nehru’s net worth was estimated to be around 200 crores. Demonstrating his commitment to the nation, he donated 98% of his wealth to the Indian government, ensuring his legacy extended beyond his political achievements.
Conclusion
Jawaharlal Nehru’s life is a testament to his unwavering dedication to India’s independence and development. His contributions as a freedom fighter, prime minister, and visionary leader have left an indelible mark on the nation. Celebrated as the “Architect of Modern India,” Nehru’s birthday is commemorated as Children’s Day in India, reflecting his enduring influence on future generations.
FAQs
1. What was Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru’s real name?
His real name was Jawaharlal Nehru, often referred to as Pandit Nehru.
2. When is Jawaharlal Nehru’s birthday celebrated?
His birthday is celebrated on 14 November, which is also commemorated as Children’s Day in India.
3. What religion did Jawaharlal Nehru follow?
Jawaharlal Nehru practiced Hinduism.
4. How much was Jawaharlal Nehru’s net worth?
In 1947, his net worth was approximately 200 crores, most of which he donated to the Indian government.
5. What are some notable works by Jawaharlal Nehru?
His notable works include “Letters from a Father to His Daughter,” “An Autobiography,” and “The Discovery of India.”